Silage corn how option for massive ruminants

Abstract

Although the number of animals finished in confinement, have increased in recent years, one can still say that the basis for the termination of feeding of cattle in Brazil are the pastures, cultivated or native. The maize (Zea mays L.) due to ease of cultivation, adaptability, high yield of mass, ease of fermentation in the silo, good value and high energy consumption by animals, is a more grass used to make silage due to their adaptation. It is recommended to harvest the corn plant to be at 15-38,6 cm and a particle size between 0.2 and 0.6 cm, the corn is the cereal production of more energy per area. There is a significant change in the association of chemical components for consumption and digestibility. The carbohydrates contribute 70 to 80% of dry matter (DM). The difference between a high-quality silage of total digestible nutrients (TDN greater than 68%) and other low-grade (less than 63% TDN). Corn grown in conditions of low fertility reduces productivity and produce lower-quality silage, the soil is required when it grows more corn for silage, due to total withdrawal of nutrients. The best time to plant corn, is the second fortnight of September until the end of the first half of November (15/09 to 15/11), being the best season on October 15. The cutting of forage must take place when the plant is dry matter (DM) between 32-35% and when it is at 1/3-2/3 of the grain, the harvest can already be done. In the scaling-bin-trenches, one should take into account: the average daily consumption of silage waited in animal (kg), the number of animals feeding with silage, the feeding period, in days, and the density of the forage ensiled. After the correct sealing of the silo if there is no entry of air and water or inside the silo, the silage can be stored for long periods. The silage without the presence of oxygen and accumulation of lactic acid results in the decrease in pH, is recommended for daily removal of a slice of 15 to 30cm thick. The rumen microorganisms require specific conditions to allow the normal metabolism and growth. The pH affects the rumen microbial growth and should remain in the range of 6.7 ± 5.0 for the appropriate microbial activity.