Economic aspects of the recovery pastures in the Amazonia bioma

Abstract

Livestock farming has been a pioneering activity in the occupation of the Amazon in recent decades, occupy significant segments of the forest. The cultivated pastures represent the main support for herds nutrition, which, in the initial stage of use present productivity satisfactory, but with passage of time (five to six years after the establishment) there is gradual and increasing reduction in the productivity of these pastures which will reflect negatively the herds zootechnical indicators leading to unsustainable of the activity. There are many factors leading to this situation, with emphasis the low natural soils fertility, inadequate use of the forage germplasm for the ecological conditions and the adoption of inappropriate management practices. This process leads to imbalance of the soil-plant-animal complex, soil erosion and compaction, reducing the regrowth and productivity of forage plants and favors the emergence of weeds, culminating in the complete pasture degradation. This scenario has attracted the concern of different segments of society, that increasingly pressure on the productive sector that operates in the Amazônia Bioma, with the intention that it adoption production systems that are sustainable. In this context, the rehabilitation of degraded pastures has been identified as one of the alternatives. The technology and processes to be adopted, several years have been researched and implemented, demonstrating its technical effectiveness, but the coverage to adoption is still limited, for wide area to recover, this can be attributed to the high financial cost involved in the recovery process from pasture.