Use of hill in diets for monogastrics

Abstract

Hill is an organic compound, an essential trace element soluble in water that is part of the B complex vitamin, is produced in biological tissues of animals, where it occurs in its free form. It acts on the metabolism of lipids and proteins as a donor of methyl groups, and cofactor in lipid metabolism, which promotes the transport and use, in the forms of lecithin and lipoproteins. Choline is widely distributed in foods of animal origin, which are considered the best sources, such as meat, milk and egg yolks, and vegetables such as green leaves and particularly in oilseeds. It is found in aqueous solution at 70% or in the form of choline chloride to 25%. Its deficiency can cause: the birds reduced growth, increased mortality, poor appearance. For fish: deposition of fat in the liver, kidney hemorrhage, white-gray bowel distension. In pigs: growth of piglets will be delayed, lack of coordination of movement, stiffness of the joints particularly the palettes, the litter size is smaller and occurs fatty liver. The hill is of fundamental importance in animal nutrition since it is an essential nutrient in the metabolism of proteins, lipids and especially, avoiding the accumulation of hepatic fat.