Significant points and challenges in the welfare of gestating sows: the use of bedding as a productive alternative

Abstract

In the context of the science of animal welfare, the rearing system of sows is an especially significant subject, as the great majority of these animals is kept in isolation. The purpose of this paper is to present the main points connected with the rearing system of gestating sows, focusing on the importance of aspects related to the social and physical environment provided to this kind of animal. The isolation in cages undoubtedly has negative impacts on fundamental requisites for animal welfare. On the other hand, group housing has the disadvantage of causing aggressiveness in such animals. Research information shows that bioclimatic, behavioral and physical aspects of the environment are important in defining the welfare of gestating sows. Furthermore, it is important to devise rearing system alternatives which combine group housing and techniques to reduce aggressiveness, such as environmental enrichment, by using elements like straw or other types of bedding.