Cytological diagnosis of feline sporotrichosis in the Forest Zone of Minas Gerais State: Case report

Abstract

Despite countless clinical suspicions, there is lack of data about sporotrichosis incidence in Zona da Mata Mineira region. Thus, the aim of the current study is to report the first Sporothrix sp. case identified at the Veterinary Clinical Laboratory of Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF). A feline presenting ulcerated, edematous, hyperemic and alopecic lesions, as well as necrotic foci in the lateral region of the tarsus and in the interdigital region of the right pelvic limb was attended at the Veterinary Teaching Clinic of the aforementioned institution. Cytological examination has shown several phagocytized and extracellular yeast structures compatible to Sporothrix sp. Therefore, the animal was treated with 50 mg itraconazole SID for 60 days and with topical terbinafine spray application at the lesion site, twice a day. After approximately two months, the animal has shown improvements in the previously identified lesions. However, it presented a new lesion in the frontal region of the head, as well as respiratory changes. Consequently, potassium iodide, in association with itraconazole, was prescribed for the lesion, and medication was prescribed for the respiratory symptoms. Nevertheless, the animal did not respond to the treatment and died. It is known that the incidence of respiratory symptoms is associated with refractoriness to treatment and death. However, it is essential diagnosing sporotrichosis, mainly through cytological examination, to enable quick and specific causative agent identification in order to reduce the incidence of zoonosis. In addition, the current study has emphasized the epidemiological importance of describing the first cytological diagnosis of Sporothrix sp. carried out at UFJF Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory.