Study of anemia and polycythemia recorded in dogs from Joinville/SC from 2015 to 2017

Abstract

The diagnosis of many diseases that affect the animals has the aid of laboratory tests, as these can demonstrate significant changes of the organism not seen in the physical examination. The blood count has all the parameters to examine the blood cells of the peripheral vessels and these are classified as erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. It is the most commonly used exam in the clinical routine due to its practicality, economy and clinical utility, which is divided into erythrogram, leukogram and thrombogram. Because it is a subject of great clinical importance, it is necessary that there is adequate knowledge about the tests so that the correct interpretation and proper treatment of the animal is performed. For this purpose, hemoglobin reports were collected from two laboratories of veterinary clinical pathology in the city of Joinville - SC, and from these, triage and separation were performed in groups. Firstly, the exams that had the information related to gender, breed and age were separated, totaling 13286 exams. Two groups were later formed, one with reports of anemia (n = 3294) and one with polycythemia (n = 2747). Within the two groups, 3 subgroups were created, separating all the reports on sex, breed and age. The ages were separated into three groups: young than 1 year old, adults between 1 and 8 years old, aged over 8 years old. The races were grouped by name, being the non - defined breed (SRD) classified as a race and at the end of the research the three races that had the highest number of analyzed reports were discussed. After all triages were completed, the chi-square test was performed through the statistical program R to obtain a descriptive analysis of the data. Finally, a predominance of females, SRD and elderly in both the anemia and polycythemia groups was observed, but for all the groups, all the subgroups formed had a difference between them. Therefore, it is suggested that there is a risk group for anemia and polycythemia, but further research is needed.