Primary splenic torsion in a dog

Case report

Authors

  • Pablo Roniel Santi Médico veterinário, Autônomo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6575-3279
  • Carla Barreto Sandrin Médica veterinária, Autônoma
  • Matheus Barbosa Gomes Cruz Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v18n09e1658

Keywords:

Spleen, splenectomy, splenic hilum

Abstract

Splenic torsion occurs when the spleen rotates around its vascular pedicle, being more frequent in large dogs with a deep chest. The diagnosis is based on the association of clinical signs, abdominal ultrasound examination with color Doppler mode and exploratory celiotomy. The present work reports the surgical treatment of a canine patient, female Pitbull, 10 years old and 25 kg, treated with complaints of lethargy, apathy, hematuria, loose stools and increased abdominal volume. Upon ultrasound examination, she presented an enlarged spleen, diffusely lacy echotexture, reduced echogenicity, without evident blood flow in color Doppler mode. Due to the suggestion of splenic torsion, the patient was referred for exploratory celiotomy, which confirmed the condition. The treatment instituted was total splenectomy, without distortion of the vascular pedicle. The surgical technique presented good results, without complications in the intraoperative and postoperative periods.

References

Battiato, P., Salgüero, R., Specchi, S., & Longo, M. (2022). Ultrasonographic and CT diagnosis of a complete splenic duplication with right splenic torsion and presumed regional splenic vein hypertension in a dog. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound, 63(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.13007.

Dyce, K. M., Sack, W. O., & Wensing, C. J. G. (2010). Tratado de anatomia veterinária. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro.

Faria, B. M., Cardoso, B. S. P., Carmo, C. V. C., Santos, G. B. T., & Souza Neto, J. R. N. (2022). Torção esplênica primária em cadela: Relato de caso. PUBVET, 16(12), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v16n12a1276.1-6.

Flatz, K., Bluke, A., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., & Brühschwein, A. (2016). Twisted fat stranding in a dog with isolated splenic torsion diagnosed with computed tomography. Math Journal of Veterinary Science, 1(1), 003.

Fossum, T. W. (2021). Cirurgia de pequenos animais (3ed.). Elsevier Editora.

Hermanson, J. W., Lahunta, A., & Evans, H. E. (2020). Miller and Evans’ Anatomy of the dog 5th edition. Elsevier.

Hughes, J. R., Johnson, V. S., & Genain, M. A. (2020). CT characteristics of primary splenic torsion in eight dogs. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound, 61(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.12844.

Iavorska, I. V. (2020). Oxygen-dependent oxidation of proteins in the pathogenesis f spleen injury caused by acute blood loss, complicated by ischema-reperfusion of the limb and the efficiency of their correction by carbacetam. Journal of Education Health and Sport, 10(12), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.12.037.

Kim, J. (2019). A case of acute splenic vein thrombosis in a dog. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 81(10), 1492–1495. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.19-0258.

Köning, H. E., & Liebich, H. G. (2011). Anatomia dos animais domésticos texto e atlas colorido. Editora Artmed.

Magalhães, A., & Gregório, H. B. (2022). Torção esplênica crônica em cão: Relato de caso. Brazilian Journal of Development, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n9-239

Marinho, P. V. T., Minto, B. W., Avante, M. L., Cardoso, L. D., Aquino, G. V., Feitosa, C. C., & De Nardi, A. B. (2018). Torção esplênica primária em cão como causa atípica de abdômen agudo. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 46(1), 313.

Martins-Bessa, A., Vieira, L., Machado, J., Almeida, M., Alves, T., Fachada, M. T., Pires, M. A., Alves, A., & Dias, I. R. (2020). Simultaneous torsion of a uterine horn and spleen in a pregnant two-year-old crossbreed bitch: A case report. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100459.

Matos Filho, A. S., Petroianu, A., Cardoso, V. N., & Vidigal, P. V. T. (2018). Preservação de implante esplênico autógeno após conservação em solução de ringer-lactato. Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-6991e-20181346.

Nelson, R., & Couto, C. G. (2015). Medicina interna de pequenos animais (3.ed.). Elsevier Brasil.

Reinhart, J. M., Sherwood, J. M., KuKanich, K. S., Klocke, E., & Biller, D. S. (2015). Chronic splenic torsion in two dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 51(3), 185–190. https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6129.

Reis, B. M. E. S., Souza, A. K. S., Franco, R. D. F., Santos, D. L., Silva, B. E. B., Silva, P. R., Silva, A. C. R., & Raabe, T. M. L. F. (2021). Torção-ruptura esplênica em um canino positivo para leishmaniose (Leishmania spp) e erliquiose canina (Ehrlichia spp). Brazilian Journal Development, 7(12), 318–328. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n12-544.

Salgueiro, N. B. M., Lacreta Júnior, A. C. C., Tavares, A. C. G., & Santos, M. A. S. (2017). Sonographic aspects of splenic torsion due to abdominal eventration in a dog. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 45, 5.

Santos, B. S., Gomes, C., Camargo, J. F., Trindade, A. B., Gouvea, A. S., Driemeier, D., & Contesini, E. A. (2019). Torção esplênica primária associado à baço acessório em cão. Acta scientiae Veterinariae., 42(Sup. 1), 1–7.

Figura 3. – Imagem de tomografia computadorizada de um cão, projeção oblíqua dorsal, pré-contraste no plano transversal de um centro hiperatenuante para um típico sinal de turbilhão (seta branca). Fonte: Hughes et al. (2020).

Published

2024-09-02

Issue

Section

Medicina veterinária

How to Cite

Primary splenic torsion in a dog: Case report. (2024). Pubvet, 18(09), e1658. https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v18n09e1658