Cardiovascular changes in a dog with a secondary systemic hypertension chronic renal failure: case report

Abstract

Systemic hypertension in dogs can occur secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD), because there is activation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure and afterload, promoting concentric hypertrophy of the ventricular myocardium . The objective of this study is to report the radiographic, electrocardiographic and Doppler echocardiographic a dog carrier hypertension secondary to CKD before and after therapy. We treated a canine patient with CKD presenting unilateral ocular hemorrhagic stroke and presence of mitral murmur grade II / VI. Laboratory tests revealed renal azotemia, with urinalysis showing isosthenuria, proteinuria and granular cylinders. Blood pressure (SBP) showed average values ​​of 250 mmHg. On the chest radiograph Vertebral Heart System (VHS) was 10.7 vertebrae, indicating cardiomegaly and increased left ventricular (LV), as suggested in electrocardiography with increasing duration of QRS Complex. Doppler echocardiography showed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and decrease in LV internal diâmentro, ventricular septal hypertrophy, dilatation of the aorta and increased fractional shortening (% FEC) LV. Therapy was instituted the basis of enalapril maleate and commercial diet for CKD. After 90 days, there was a reduction in ocular hemorrhagic stroke, with mean SBP maintaining the 130mmHg, reduction in serum biochemical values ​​in VHS (10.6 v) heart in myocardial hypertrophy and LV% FEC. The changes found suggest myocardial remodeling due to hypertension secondary source to CKD, with improvement after therapy instituted.