Evaluation of the action of vegetable extracts with potential activity carrapatient

Abstract

Ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus are acarids hematophagous and medical ectoparasites of importance veterinary for they be vectorial of diseases as Babesiosis and Ehrlichia. Researches with active beginnings of plants constitute an alternative in the control of ticks. It was aimed at to evaluate the effect carrapatient of vegetable extracts on teleóginas of R. sanguineus. Using leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Anonna muricata, Furcraea foetida, Ricinus communis, Echinodorus grandiflorus, Melissa officinalis and Crocus sativus were used in extractions in hexane, methanol or ethanol. The extract vegetable filtrate (EV) was concentrated in rotative evaporator. The tests were accomplished in females of R. sanguineus engorged (n =10) immersed by 5 minutes in EV diluted in wheat corn oil. The group control went by immersion in wheat corn oil. Soon afterwards the ticks were fastened and accompanied as the mortality and ovulation for 30 days. As result the extract of M. officinalis didn't present activity carrapatient. The extracts of E. muricata and R. communis interfered discreetly in the reproductive efficiency and hatchability of eggs. The extract of F. foetida and C. sativus influenced in the viability of the eggs. E. grandiflorus reduced the hatchability in 90%. C. ambrosioides in 24 hours killed 100% of the treated teleóginas. In this way it is concluded that E. grandiflorus in spite of not causing the mortality of the teleóginas, interference significantly in the reproduction and in the hatchability of the eggs, while C. ambrosioides is efficient in causing the death of the females of R. sanguineus in few hours. Thus, the extracts of E. grandiflorus and C. ambrosioides presented greater potential for use in the control of R. sanguineus.