Evaluation of the main pathologies related to contraceptive use in felines and their deleterious effects

Abstract

With the increasing urbanization and social individuality there is the increase of the creation with responsible guarding of pets, with dogs and cats being the main one, the latter being preferred by the tutors of ascending form in the last years. The, felines can have up to three pregnancies within a year, ranging from one to nine pups in each. Thus, the overpopulation of these animals occurs exponentially. This feature leads owners to look for contraception for animals. Among the existing forms, there are ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) and hormonal contraception. The most commonly used contraceptive drugs are synthetic progesterone analogues such as Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (AMP), Megestrol Acetate and proligestone. However, these cause negative effects such as cystic endometrial hyperplasia, leading to pyometra, mammary hyperplasia, resulting in breast tumors, abortion, diabetes mellitus, dermatopathies and behavioral disorders, so their use is not recommended. A survey was carried out through questionnaires, with owners of cats taken for clinical care at the Jeremias Pereira da Silva University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Piauí, aiming to quantitatively analyze the cases of animals with side effects, according to the authors. race and age, correlated with the use of contraceptive drugs. The data obtained refer to the months from March to May 2015. All animals described in this study that presented pathological characteristics made use of contraceptive drugs. In the 2 cases of pyometra found the age range of 4 years (50%) and 8 years (50%) was observed, and all (100%) cases occurred in cats without defined breed (SRD). Of the 3 cases of breast cancer, animals at 9 months corresponded to 33.3%, 1 year (33.33%) and 2 years (33.33%) of age, and all (100%) were SRD. Of the 2 abortion cases, the age range observed was 2 years (50%) and 3 years (50%), and the affected races were SRD (50%) and Siamese (50%). Of the 2 cases of breast hyperplasia observed. in 6-month-old (50%) and 8-month-old (50%) cats, and the only breed affected was the SRD (100%). It is concluded that the indiscriminate use of contraceptive drugs is still frequent, as well as the number of animals that have negative effects on their use.