Diagnostic evaluation of hemoparasitosis in dogs: Review

Abstract

The present work was a review developed with the objective of carrying out an evaluation of the literature with the main hemoparasitoses that affect animals, highlighting the main methods of laboratory diagnosis of the same. Hemoparasites are endemic diseases in the country and important throughout the Brazilian territory, presenting unique health to the veterinary clinic. They refer to parasitic diseases by pathogenic microorganisms that are altered by hematophagous arthropods, which constitute the main vector are ticks and morbidity in animals in the world, the main vectors are ticks and morbidity in dogs in the world. Among the main hemoparaitoses, we can mention Erliqui Canina, Canine Thrombocytotropic Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis and Patozoonosis, which are identified by the genera Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Babesia and Hepazoon, respectively. The diagnosis of hemoparasitic infections is working agents, since the different clinical manifestations are similar. Furthermore, animals can be or be contaminated with more than one agent simultaneously or sequentially, especially in regions where these diseases are endemic. There are several diagnostic methods available, however, none alone is sufficient to reach a final diagnosis. In the phase of anomaly of the common characteristics between this group of diseases, and the different phases and clinical manifestations of the same, knowledge about the behavior of pathogens and the specificity and clinical sensitivity, as well as the identification of the disease evolution of the disease are fundamental for the realization of the appropriate choice of the being requested, as well as of the people, and establishment of a more accurate diagnosis.