Economic efficiency indicators and the main zootechnical indices found in dairy properties in the North Fluminense Region

Abstract

The objective to analyze the animal indexes: birth rate, calving intervals, period of service and production of milk, and the indicators of economic efficiency: gross margin (GM), net margin (NM) and results (RE) – (profit or loss), in addition to the composition of the costs of production of 20 dairy properties in the fluminense north region. The dairy properties obtained the following average for the zootechnical indexes: birth rates of 57,4 ± 2,18% with the coefficient of variation of 21,22%, calving intervals of 13,5 ± 0,68 months with coefficient of variation of 7,95% and milk production of 6,1±2,58 liters per day with coefficient of variation of 41,96%. It was found GM average of R$ 102.731,82 ± R$ 68.087,24 with coefficient of variation of 66,28% e and NM average of R$ 93.531,22 ± R$ 67.948,36 with coefficient of variation of 72,65%, allowing the producers to remain in the activity on a short term. And RE (loss) average of - R$ 360.809,02 ± R$ 89.067,61 with coefficient of variation of 24,69%. Because it showed loss, the revenue obtained does not remunerate the investment made. The low zootechnical indexes referring to birth rates and milk production must be improved for obtaining larger revenues in the activity better milk production. The highest percentage of participation in the composition of revenue and in investment expenditure was the asset value, when accounted, and the milk sell and animal purchase, respectively, when not accounted, the asset value. Regarding the expenditure with payment of costs, the higher percentages were related to labor, pasture, concentrated feed and bulky supplementation. The producers analyzed remained in the activity for a short term, however, to increase production they must have improved the zootechnical indexes with greater use of technical assistance to obtain a higher return on economic efficiency.