Diagnostic and therapeutic approach in feline chronic inflammatory enteropathy
Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31533/Keywords:
Enteritis, chronic inflammatory enteropathy, feline, immunosuppressants, gastrointestinal inflammation, intestinal microbiomeAbstract
Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy in cats is defined by idiopathic chronic gastrointestinal inflammation, with clinical signs of vomiting, weight loss, diarrhea and changes in appetite for more than 3 weeks. The etiopathogenesis is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the intestinal microbiome, environmental and genetic factors and the immune system. Diagnosis involves eliminating other causes with similar gastrointestinal clinical signs through laboratory, fecal, abdominal ultrasound and histopathological examinations. Histopathological examination is performed using intestinal biopsy samples and is the gold standard for diagnosis of this pathology. Differentiating between chronic inflammatory enteropathy and low-grade alimentary lymphoma is a challenge, requiring immunohistochemistry and clonality tests in some cases. Treatment is based on dietary changes, use of antibiotics and immunosuppressants. Complementary therapies such as probiotics, prebiotics, omegas, cobalamin, fecal microbiota transplantation and mesenchymal stem cells are being studied. This paper will review the etiopathogenesis, clinical signs, physical examination, diagnostic methods, treatment and prognosis of chronic inflammatory enteropathy in cats.
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