Predisposing factors and their influence on the welfare of obese dogs

Abstract

The obesity can be treated as a pathological condition characterized by an accumulation of fat greater than that necessary for the optimization of body functions, sufficient to deteriorate them and impair good health and animal welfare. An obese dog has an accumulation of fat responsible for increasing weight by at least 15 to 20%, in relation to its ideal weight. Obesity is caused by an excessive consumption of calories that exceed energy needs, although factors such as genetics and some secondary pathological conditions may be involved in the etiology. When a dog is excessively obese, circulatory, joint and locomotor problems increase, in addition to skin diseases and tumors. Currently, obesity affects about 30% of dogs and is, therefore, recognized as a serious disease, with multiple consequences on the health of the animal and not just an aesthetic problem. Some practices must be considered, such as eliminating bad habits (excessive daily meals and insufficient physical activity), assessing energy needs, weighing and examining your dog in order to achieve a healthy body weight. The objective of this study was to discuss the effects of obesity in dogs. 23 tutors aged between 18 and 60 years participated in the research, varying the level of education and monthly family income. These were tutors of 25 dogs, neutered and whole. Middle-aged dogs had higher body density, precisely because the tutor provided food (rations, food in general) and snacks at will, and because these animals did not practice regular exercises. The tutors found it difficult to perceive their dog's body condition. Some practices must be considered, such as eliminating bad habits (excessive daily meals and insufficient physical activity) and assessing energy needs. Therefore, it is possible to achieve a healthy body weight.