Hypoadrenocorticism in a dog
Case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v18n03e1558Keywords:
Aldosterona, acetato de fludrocortisona, cortisol, glândulas adrenais, hipoadrenocorticismo, prednisolonaAbstract
. Hypoadrenocorticism (HA), or Addison's disease, is an endocrine disorder uncommon in dogs, primarily occurring between 1 to 6 years of age. It can be classified according to its origin as primary, secondary, or tertiary, with its primary form being the most common. It is caused by idiopathic immune-mediated destruction of the adrenal cortex, which can result in a deficiency of mineralocorticoids and/or glucocorticoids. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific, so patients may exhibit intermittent gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as hypotension, tremors, lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss. Diagnosis is made through anamnesis, clinical signs, hematological tests, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasound. A definitive diagnosis requires the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test, in which dogs with HA will show results below the reference range. Treatment should be based on the patient's overall condition and hormonal supplementation, which should be tailored to each dog's specific needs. This study aims to report the case of a 1-year-old Whippet dog admitted to a 24-hour emergency veterinary hospital due to episodes of vomiting and anorexia that evolved into an Addisonian crisis. After the diagnosis of HA and the initiation of treatment with prednisolone and fludrocortisone acetate, the patient was followed-up with for 965 days, during which it experienced episodes of vomiting in stressful situations and had sodium levels at the lower limit in hematological tests.
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