Insulinoma in a mixed breed dog: Case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v17n12e1499Keywords:
hipoglicemia, insulina, pâncreas, tumorAbstract
Insulinoma is the most common endocrine pancreatic tumor in dogs, characterized by excessive insulin secretion even in the presence of hypoglycemia. Its etiology remains unknown, considered a rare occurrence, and generally malignant. Clinical manifestations result from neuroglycopenia and the release of counterregulatory hormones, manifesting as weakness, seizures, tremors, agitation, and even coma and death. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis, clinical signs, laboratory alterations in blood glucose and fasting serum insulin concentrations, imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT), as well as surgical resection with sample submission for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The primary therapeutic approach is surgical removal of the tumor. This report aims to present the case of a female, six-year-old, mixed-breed canine, spayed, with no history of typical insulinoma signs but with hypoglycemia in a laboratory test and validated portable glucometer. Based on this finding, suspicion of insulinoma arose, leading to investigations involving serum insulin levels and imaging studies. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of hyperinsulinemia with hypoglycemia, CT with compatible images and partial pancreatectomy, and tumor was subsequently sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The instituted treatment was oral chemotherapy. It was concluded that it is possible to diagnose insulinoma before the appearance of clinical signs, which, despite not altering the reserved prognosis of the disease, allows for more earlier veterinary follow-up, resulting in an improvement in the animal’s quality of life.
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