Use of MALDI-TOF MS for identification of mycobacteria in clinical samples from animals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v17n7e1414Keywords:
Espectrometria de massas, MALDI TOF MS, micobactériasAbstract
The diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases in domestic and wild animals represents a big challenge in veterinary medicine. Although Mycobacterium bovis is the species of major interest for causing tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can also cause serious infections, named mycobacterioses, in animals and humans. Mycobacterial diseases are characterized by their chronic and progressive granulomatous development. The generation time of slow-growing species can reach up to twenty hours, making their isolation in traditional culture media take up to 90 days for slow-growing species and approximately six days for fast-growing species. In addition to being fastidious, they have a cell wall rich in lipids and mycolic acids, which makes DNA extraction difficult, interfering with many molecular methods used in attempting to speed up diagnoses. Although the differentiation between species has advanced in recent years with the use of more specific molecular methods, in very genetically close species, this process is still quite challenging, stimulating the development of new technologies. Mass spectrometry methodologies like MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization- Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry) have been used as a microbiological identification tool in clinical laboratories, food industries and hospitals. In this article, the main aspects related to the use of this tool for the identification of mycobacteria from animal clinical samples will be discussed.
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