Dangerous of monotonous consumption of seed by wild: Review

Abstract

The most of the birds raised in captivity like a pets, are granivorous, and they feeding with grain or seeds. The nutritional needs of many of these birds are not defined by the difficulty of identifying all food consumed by them in nature and in better proportions, but there are already balanced rations for the species most created, however, most of these animals are fed as seeds due to difficulty in adapting the bird to feed and owner to accept change, which causes various nutritional diseases, especially when the consumption is only one type of seed, because the seeds are absent or has low concentrations of vitamins A, D3 and B complex, many minerals deficiency, low ratio of calcium and phosphorus, besides it has a high concentrations of lipids. Also, by the time, the seeds lost many of their nutrients through peroxidation. Major related monotonous consumption of seed diseases are deficiencies of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin B complex, biotin, calcium, osteodystrophy, nutritional skin diseases, obesity, hepatic lipidosis, foot pad lesions and mycotoxicosis. We conclude that further studies are necessary to support the nutritional needs of each species and to raise awareness of the population about the benefits of using these diets as well as the risks of feeding birds with only one kind of seed.