Bioglass-60S and alpha-bisabolol for fracture in the osteosynthesis of a femoral fracture in a hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus): case report

Authors

Keywords:

Alpha-bisabolol, biomaterials, fracture fixation, osteomyelitis, wild mammals

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are an important cause of orthopedic trauma in wild mammals, frequently resulting in complex fractures that compromise rehabilitation and successful reintroduction into the wild. This report describes the treatment of a comminuted femoral fracture caused by a road traffic accident and subsequently complicated by osteomyelitis in an adult male hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) weighing approximately 3 kg. The animal underwent osteosynthesis using the Double plate-rod technique, combined with the local application of the biomaterial Bioglass-60S and the bioactive compound alpha-bisabolol. During the postoperative period, radiographic changes consistent with osteomyelitis were observed, and bacterial culture revealed the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus spp. Based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, ceftriaxone therapy was administered for 42 days. At the end of the follow-up period, infection control, no bacterial growth in the follow-up culture, and satisfactory bone healing were observed. In this case, the combination of biomechanical stabilization, local application of Bioglass-60S and alpha-bisabolol, and targeted antimicrobial therapy showed therapeutic potential for treating a fracture complicated by osteomyelitis

References

Alves, E. G. L., Serakides, R., Rosado, I. R., Pereira, M. M., Ocarino, N. M., Oliveira, H. P., Góes, A. M., & Rezende, C. M. F. (2015). Effect of the ionic product of bioglass 60s on osteoblastic activity in canines. BMC Veterinary Research, 11(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0558-7.

Amaral, V., Cardia, G. F. E., Rocha, E. M. T., Bonetti, C. I., & Cuman, R. K. N. (2021). Alfa-bisabolol: uma revisão de propriedades bioativas antiflogísticas. Research, Society and Development, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20618.

Avelar, D. M., Collevatti, R. G., & Bizerril, M. S. A. (2013). Habitat use and conservation of the hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) in the Brazilian Cerrado. Mastozzología Tropical, 20(2), 285–297.

Batista, C. A. B., Silva, V. L., Julião, J. L. R., Aquino, K. T. S., Santos, A., & Rocha, K. S. (2024). Resgate e reabilitação de raposa-do-campo (Lycalopex vetulus), vítima de atropelamento, na rodovia da produção no distrito de São Gonçalo, região do Sertão Paraibano: Relato de Caso. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, 8. https://doi.org/10.56814/pecen.v8ic.2180.

Bello, L. K., Silva, Á. J. C., & Müller, D. C. M. (2020). Plate-rod associado à técnica de pino em cavilha em fêmur de cão. PUBVET, 14(4), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v14n4a547.1-6.

Canedo, M. D., & Silva, C. I. C. (2026). Osteomielite tardia associada a implante de TPLO em canino, complicada por infecção por Acinetobacter spp.: Relato de caso. PUBVET, 20(5), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31533/pubvet.v20n5e1951.

Druzian, D. M., Oviedo, V. R., Sagrillo, M. R., Volkmer, T. M., & Rodrigues Júnior, L. F. (2020). Síntese sol-gel do biovidro SiO2-P2O5-CaO-MgO para possíveis aplicações biomédicas envolvendo regeneração óssea. Disciplinarum Scientia - Ciências Naturais e Tecnológicas, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.37779/nt.v21i2.3496.

Eddin, L. B., Jha, N. K., Goyal, S. N., Agrawal, Y. O., Subramanya, S. B., Bastaki, S. M. A., & Ojha, S. (2022). Health Benefits, Pharmacological Effects, Molecular Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential of α-Bisabolol. Nutrients, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071370.

Fighera, R. A., Silva, M. C., Souza, T. M., Brum, J. S., Kommers, G. D., Graça, D. L., Irigoyen, L. F., & Barros, C. S. L. (2008). Aspectos patológicos de 155 casos fatais de cães atropelados por veículos automotivos. Ciência Rural, 38(5), 1375–1380.

Greco, M., Pasolini, M. P., Castelijns, H., Labriola, S., & Potena, A. (2007). Un grave caso di osteomielite della seconda e terza falange con estesa perdita di sostanza in una puledra complicato da pododermatite cronica ipertrofica. Follow-up a 36 mesi. Ippologia, 18(1), 9.

Hench, L. L. (2006). The story of Bioglass®. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 17(11), 967–978. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-006-0432-z.

Jardim, J. M. M., Silva Júnior, R. A., Pascoal, I. C., Oliveira, A. A. F., & Pinheiro Júnior, J. W. (2017). Análise dos acidentes de trânsito ocasionados por animais nas rodovias federais do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Medicina Veterinária (Brazil), 11(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-n1-1628.

Johnson, K. A. (2013). Piermattei’s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat, Fifth Edition. In Piermattei’s Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones and Joints of the Dog and Cat, Fifth Edition (5th ed.). Saunders. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-41718-5.

Jones, J. R. (2013). Review of bioactive glass: From Hench to hybrids. Acta Biomaterialia, 9(1), 4457–4486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2012.08.023.

Kamatou, G. P. P., & Viljoen, A. M. (2010). A review of the application and pharmacological properties of α-bisabolol and α-bisabolol-rich oils. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 87(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-009-1483-3.

Kamler, J. F., Ballard, W. B., Fish, E. B., Lemons, P. R., Mote, K., & Perchellet, C. C. (2003). Habitat use, home ranges, and survival of swift foxes in a fragmented landscape: Conservation implications. Journal of Mammalogy, 84(3). https://doi.org/10.1644/BJK-033.

Krishnan, L., Chakrabarty, P., Govarthanan, K., Rao, S., & Santra, T. S. (2024). Bioglass and nano bioglass: A next-generation biomaterial for therapeutic and regenerative medicine applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133073.

Lemos, F. G. (2007). Ecologia e comportamento da Raposa-do-campo Pseudalopex vetulus e do Cachorro-do-mato Cerdocyon thous em áreas de fazendas no bioma Cerrado. In Universidade Federal de Uberlândia.

Lima, T. B., Leal, L. M., Morato, G. O., Marinho, P. V. T., Moraes, P. C., & Minto, B. W. (2013). Osteomielite fúngica em fratura de tíbia de cão. Relato de caso. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Veterinária, 20(3), 132–136. https://doi.org/10.4322/rbcv.2014.069.

Maia, A. C., & Bager, A. (2013). Projeto Malha: Manual para equipe de campo. Centro Brasileiro de Estudos em Ecologia de Estradas.

Maneewan, R., Chantarapanich, N., Morimoto, T., & Thitiyanaporn, C. (2025). Biomechanical comparison of the non-locking bone plate, locking bone plate, and double-rod clamp internal fixation in a canine femoral model. Veterinary World, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2025.773-781.

Martin, I., Gobbo, V. C., Abuna, G. F., Campos, P. F., & Pacheco, D. (2019). Citotoxicidade e potencial remineralizador de um gel clareador experimental contendo nanopartículas de biovidro. Revista dos Trabalhos de Iniciação Científica da UNICAMP, (26). https://doi.org/10.20396/revpibic262018633,

Miranda, J. E. S., & Schiavetti, A. (2024). Analysis of scientific production and knowledge about wildlife roadkill in Brazilian protected areas. Ethnobiology and Conservation, 13. https://doi.org/10.15451/ec2024-02-13.10-1-21.

Muir, W. (2006). Trauma: Physiology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, 16(4), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2006.00185.x.

Murugan, R., & Mallavarapu, G. R. (2013). α-Bisabolol, the main constituent of the essential oil of Pogostemon speciosus. Industrial Crops and Products, 49(0), 237–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.04.047.

Pavarini, D. P., Nogueira, E. F., Callejon, D. R., Soares, D. M., Souza, G. E. P., Cunha, F. Q., Lopes, J. L. C., & Lopes, N. P. (2013). Novel bisabolane derivative from “arnica-da-serra” (Vernonieae: Asteraceae) reduces pro-nociceptive cytokines levels in LPS-stimulated rat macrophages. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 148(3), 993–998. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.003.

Piemattei, D., Flo, G., & DeCamp, C. E. (2015). Brinker, Piermattei and flo’s handbook of small animal orthopedics and fracture repair. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Piermattei, B. D. L., & Flo, G. L. (2009). Ortopedia e tratamento das fraturas dos pequenos animais (3 ed.). Editora Manolo.

Ramazani, E., Akaberi, M., Emami, S. A., & Tayarani-Najaran, Z. (2022). Pharmacological and biological effects of alpha-bisabolol: An updated review of the molecular mechanisms. Life Sciences, 304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120728.

Ramos-Abrantes, M. M., Carreiro, A. N., Araújo, D. V. F., Souza, J. G., Lima, J. P. R., Cezar, H. R. A., Leite, L. S., & Abrantes, S. H. F. (2018). Vertebrados silvestres atropelados na rodovia BR-230, Paraíba, Brasil. PUBVET, 12(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.22256/pubvet.v12n1a5.1-7.

Reems, M. R., Beale, B. S., & Hulse, D. A. (2003). Use of a plate-rod construct and principles of biological osteosynthesis for repair of diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats: 47 Cases (1994-2001). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 223(3). https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2003.223.330.

Rocha, E. C., Silva, E., Feio, R. N., Martins, S. V., & Lessa, G. (2008). Densidade populacional de raposa-do-campo Lycalopex vetulus (Carnivora, Canidae) em áreas de pastagem e campo sujo, Campinápolis, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Iheringia - Serie Zoologia, 98(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212008000100011.

Souza, E. R. L., Gomes, N. M. L., Cruz, J. H. A., Santos, J. F. D., & Oliveira Filho, A. A. (2021). Propriedades farmacológicas do Sesquiterpeno α-Bisabolol: uma breve revisão. Archives of Health Investigation, 10(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.21270/archi.v10i1.3183.

Spin, J. R., Oliveira, G. J. P. L., Spin Neto, R., Pires, J. R., Tavares, H. S., Ykeda, F., & Marcantonio, R. A. C. (2015). Avaliação histomorfométrica da associação entre biovidro e osso bovino liofilizado no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos criados em calvárias de ratos. Estudo piloto. Revista de Odontologia da UNESP, 44(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.1020.

Suzuki, S., Morimoto, N., & Ikada, Y. (2013). Gelatin gel as a carrier of platelet-derived growth factors. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 28(4), 595–606. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328212468183.

Tanzer, M., Chuang, P. J., Ngo, C. G., Song, L., & Tenhuisen, K. S. (2019). Characterization of bone ingrowth and interface mechanics of a new porous 3D printed biomaterial: an animal study. The Bone & Joint Journal, 101(6), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.101B6.BJJ-2018-1472.R1.

Tiomis, A. C., Borges, A. P. B., Daibert, A. P. F., Duarte, T. S., Pontes, K. C. S., Carvalho, T. B., & Reis, C. E. C. (2010). Avaliação histológica do biovidro particulado na reparação de defeito experimental em mandíbula de cães. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 62(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352010000100011.

Tobias, K. M., & Johnston, S. A. (2013). Veterinary surgery: small animal-E-BOOK. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Tomlinson, J. L. (2007). Fraturas de úmero. In D. Slatter (Ed.), Manual de cirurgia de pequenos animais (pp. 1905–1919). Manole: São Paulo, Brasil.

Xynos, I. D., Edgar, A. J., Buttery, L. D. K., Hench, L. L., & Polak, J. M. (2001). Gene-expression profiling of human osteoblasts following treatment with the ionic products of Bioglass® 45S5 dissolution. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 55(2), 461–465. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4636(200105)55:2<151: AID-JBM1001>3.0.CO;2-D.

Published

2026-08-30

Issue

Section

Animais silvestres

How to Cite

1.
Borges GB, Bizinoto LB, Batista KJB, Silva MVG da, Kanayama CY, Alves EGL. Bioglass-60S and alpha-bisabolol for fracture in the osteosynthesis of a femoral fracture in a hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus): case report. Pubvet [Internet]. 2026 Aug. 30 [cited 2026 Oct. 24];20(08):e1995. Available from: https://ojs.pubvet.com.br/index.php/revista/article/view/4855