Apiterapia para mastite bovina e dermatite digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31533//pubvet.v19n07e1805Palavras-chave:
Antibióticos, dermatite digital, mastite bovina, mel, produtos apícolas, própolisResumo
O crescimento da produção pecuária tem intensificado problemas de saúde como mastite e dermatite digital, duas doenças inflamatórias altamente prevalentes em bovinos leiteiros. Essas condições reduzem significativamente a produtividade, o bem-estar animal e a sustentabilidade da pecuária. Atualmente, o tratamento para essas patologias depende do uso intensivo de antibióticos, o que tem levantado preocupações devido à crescente presença de resíduos em produtos de origem animal, aumentando a resistência antimicrobiana. Diante desse desafio, este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar o potencial terapêutico de produtos apícolas, como mel, própolis e veneno de abelha, como alternativas sustentáveis para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias em bovinos. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de ensaios clínicos, in vitro e in vivo, avaliando a atividade anti-inflamatória, imunomoduladora e antimicrobiana desses produtos. Os resultados mostram efeitos promissores, incluindo a redução das citocinas pró-inflamatórias TNFα e IL-1β, sem afetar negativamente a viabilidade celular. Além disso, demonstraram capacidade bactericida devido ao seu conteúdo de compostos bioativos. No entanto, diferenças metodológicas, padronização deficiente dos produtos, ausência de estudos de toxicidade e evidências clínicas limitadas na pecuária restringem sua aplicação prática. Conclui-se que os produtos apícolas representam uma alternativa promissora como adjuvantes terapêuticos. No entanto, pesquisas adicionais em condições clínicas reais são necessárias para confirmar sua eficácia, segurança e viabilidade econômica em sistemas pecuários.
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